Gwajin shigar da danshi na kushin silikon: hanyoyi da ayyuka
A kasuwar duniya ta yau, masu amfani da yawa suna fifita pads ɗin silicone saboda jin daɗinsu na musamman, juriya da kuma aikinsu. Ga masu siyan kaya na ƙasashen duniya, yana da mahimmanci a fahimci yadda danshi ke shiga cikin pads ɗin silicone, domin wannan yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da jin daɗin da kuma ƙwarewar mai amfani da samfurin. Pads ɗin silicone masu kyau na iya fitar da danshi yadda ya kamata, kiyaye buttocks bushe, da kuma hana faruwar matsaloli kamar eczema, musamman ga mutanen da ke zaune ko kwanciya na dogon lokaci. Wannan labarin zai gabatar da cikakken hanyar gwajin danshi na pads ɗin silicone don taimaka muku kimantawa da zaɓar samfura masu inganci.

1. Ka'idar gwajin shigar da danshi cikin ruwa
Fuskar danshi tana nufin ikon abu na barin tururin ruwa ya ratsa samansa. Ga madaurin hip na silicone, gwajin fuskar danshi shine musamman don kimanta ƙarfin numfashinsa ta hanyar auna saurin da tururin ruwa ke ratsawa ta cikin kayan silicone a ƙarƙashin wasu yanayi. Babban ƙa'idar gwajin ta dogara ne akan yaɗuwar tururin ruwa daga ɓangaren zafi mai yawa zuwa ɓangaren ƙarancin zafi wanda bambancin matsin lamba a ɓangarorin biyu na kayan ke haifarwa. Ta hanyar daidaita yanayin zafi, danshi da saurin iska na yanayin gwaji, ana iya kwaikwayon yanayin amfani na ainihi don tantance daidai ƙarfin danshi na madaurin hip na silicone.

2. Hanyoyin gwajin shigar da danshi a cikin ruwa na yau da kullun
(I) Hanyar sha danshi (desiccant)
Shirye-shiryen gwaji
Zaɓi wani abu mai danshi mai dacewa, wanda yawanci ba shi da sinadarin calcium chloride, wanda girman barbashi ya kamata ya kasance tsakanin 0.63 – 2.5mm. Sanya abin da ke danshi a cikin tanda a zafin digiri 160 na tsawon awanni 3 don tabbatar da cewa ya bushe gaba ɗaya don ya iya shanye tururin ruwa daidai.
A shirya kofi mai tsabta da busasshe sannan a sanya kusan gram 35 na ruwan da aka sanyaya a ciki. A hankali a girgiza kofin gwajin domin ruwan da aka sanyaya ya zama kamar na roba, kuma samansa ya kamata ya yi ƙasa da misalin 4mm don barin isasshen sarari ga samfurin da kuma tabbatar da kyakkyawar alaƙa tsakanin ruwan da aka sanyaya da samfurin.
A yanka samfurin silicone hip pad zuwa girman da ya dace domin ya rufe saman kofin gwajin gaba ɗaya kuma ya tabbatar da cewa saman gwajin yana fuskantar sama.
Tsarin gwaji
Sanya kayan gwajin da ke ɗauke da abin sha da samfurin a cikin kayan aikin gwaji kuma tabbatar da cewa zafin jiki da danshi na yanayin gwajin sun cika buƙatun da aka saba, gabaɗaya 23℃ da 50% na ɗanɗano.
A matakin farko na gwajin, a bar kofin gwajin ya daidaita a yanayin gwajin na tsawon awa 1 domin samfurin da abin da ke zubar da ruwa su daidaita da yanayin muhalli. Sannan a fitar da kofin gwajin, a saka shi a cikin na'urar busar da ruwa sannan a daidaita shi na rabin sa'a, sannan a auna shi sannan a rubuta nauyin farko na M1.
Saka kofin gwajin a cikin kayan aikin gwaji kuma a gwada shi na tsawon lokacin da aka ƙayyade a cikin ƙa'idar gwaji ta yau da kullun ko ta yau da kullun, yawanci awanni 24. Bayan gwajin, sake fitar da kofin gwajin, saka shi a cikin na'urar bushewa kuma daidaita shi na rabin sa'a, sannan a auna shi kuma a rubuta nauyin ƙarshe na M2.
Lissafin sakamako
Ana iya ƙididdige ƙarfin danshi (WVT) ta hanyar dabara mai zuwa: WVT = (M2 – M1) / (A × t), inda A shine yankin samfurin kuma t shine lokacin gwaji. Wannan dabarar ta nuna cewa ƙarfin danshi yana daidai da nauyin tururin ruwa da ke ratsa samfurin a kowane yanki na kowane lokaci na naúrar. Misali, idan sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa canjin taro na samfurin bayan awanni 24 shine 1.2g, kuma yankin samfurin shine 100cm², to ƙarfin danshi shine 1.2g / (100cm² × 24h) = 0.005g / (cm²・h).

(II) Hanyar Tururi (ruwan kofi mai kyau)
Shirye-shiryen gwaji
Yi amfani da silinda mai aunawa don auna ruwa daidai a daidai zafin jiki kamar yanayin gwaji. Ya kamata a ƙayyade adadin ruwan bisa ga buƙatun kowane ma'auni. Misali, ga wasu ma'auni, ana iya buƙatar auna ruwa 100 ml.
Ana sanya samfurin silicone hip pad a hankali a kan kofin gwaji don tabbatar da cewa hatimin da ke tsakanin samfurin da kofin gwajin yana da kyau don hana kwararar ruwa ko shigar iska ta waje, wanda zai iya shafar sakamakon gwajin.
Tsarin gwaji
Sanya kofin gwajin da ke ɗauke da ruwa da samfurin a cikin na'urar gwajin. Zafin jiki da danshi na yanayin gwajin ya kamata su cika buƙatun da aka saba, kamar 23℃ da 50% na ɗanɗano.
Bari kofin gwajin ya daidaita a yanayin gwajin na tsawon lokaci, kamar awa 1, don tabbatar da cewa samfurin da ruwa sun dace da yanayin muhalli. Sannan a auna nauyin farko na kofin gwajin M1.
Yi gwajin don lokacin gwaji da aka ƙayyade, yawanci awanni 24. Bayan gwajin, sake auna nauyin kofin gwaji M2.
Lissafin sakamako
Tsarin lissafin ƙimar watsa tururin ruwa (WVT) shine: WVT = (M1 – M2) / (A × t). Ba kamar hanyar sha danshi ba, nauyin farko na M1 ya fi na ƙarshe na M2 girma saboda ruwa yana ƙafe ta cikin samfurin yayin gwajin. Misali, idan sakamakon gwajin ya nuna cewa nauyin kofin gwajin ya ragu da 0.8g bayan awanni 24 kuma yankin samfurin shine 100cm², ƙarfin danshi shine 0.8g/(100cm² × 24h) = 0.0033g/(cm²・h).
(III) Hanyar Tururi (ruwan kofi da aka juya)
Shirye-shiryen gwaji
Kamar yadda aka yi amfani da hanyar ruwan kofi mai kyau, yi amfani da silinda mai aunawa don auna ruwa a daidai zafin da yanayin gwaji ya nuna kuma a ƙayyade adadin ruwan bisa ga ƙa'idodin da aka saba.
Gyara samfurin silicone hip pad a kan kofin gwaji don tabbatar da kyakkyawan rufewa.
Tsarin gwaji
Sanya kofin gwajin da aka juya wanda ke ɗauke da ruwa da samfurin a cikin kayan aikin gwaji don samfurin ya taɓa saman ruwa. Ya kamata a kiyaye zafin jiki da danshi na yanayin gwajin, kamar 23℃ da 50% na ɗanɗano.
Bayan daidaita, auna nauyin farko na M1 na kofin gwaji.
Yi gwajin don lokacin gwaji da aka ƙayyade, kamar awanni 24, sannan a auna nauyin ƙarshe na kofin gwaji M2.
Lissafin sakamako
Tsarin lissafin yawan watsa tururin ruwa (WVT) shi ma shine: WVT = (M1 – M2) / (A × t). Bambancin da ke tsakanin hanyar ruwan kofi da aka juya da hanyar ruwan kofi ta yau da kullun shine cewa ana sanya ruwan a cikin kofin gwaji a wurare daban-daban. Hanyar ruwan kofi da aka juya tana bawa samfurin damar taɓa ruwan kai tsaye, wanda zai iya kusanto da wasu yanayi na amfani, kamar yadda danshi ke shiga cikin ƙusoshin kugu a cikin yanayi mai danshi.
(IV) Hanyar Potassium acetate
Shirye-shiryen gwaji
A zuba sinadarin potassium acetate mai cike a cikin kofin gwaji, kuma adadin maganin ya kai kusan kashi 2/3 na tsawon kofin. Maganin potassium acetate yana da takamaiman halaye na danshi kuma yana iya samar da yanayi mai kyau na danshi yayin gwajin.
A hankali a rufe samfurin silicone hip pad a bakin kofin gwaji don tabbatar da kyakkyawan hatimi don hana fitar ruwan ko kutsewar danshi na waje.
Tsarin gwaji
A sanya kofin gwajin da aka rufe samfurin a cikin tankin ruwan gwaji. Tankin ruwan gwaji ya kamata ya ƙunshi wani adadin sinadarin potassium acetate mai cike da sinadarai don kiyaye danshi a yanayin gwajin.
A auna jimillar nauyin M1 na kofin gwajin kafin gwajin, sannan a sake auna jimillar nauyin M2 na kofin gwajin bayan mintuna 15, sannan a rubuta bayanan ma'aunin guda biyu.
Lissafin sakamako
Ana ƙididdige yawan danshi bisa ga canjin taro, amma saboda lokacin gwaji na musamman da yanayin hanyar potassium acetate, dabarar lissafinsa na iya ɗan bambanta, kuma ya zama dole a koma ga takamaiman ƙa'idodi, kamar hanyar JIS L1099 B-1, hanyar JIS L1099 B-2, ISO 14956, da sauransu.

3. Abubuwan da ke shafar gwajin shigar da danshi cikin ruwa
(I) Yanayin Muhalli
Zafin jiki da danshi sune muhimman abubuwan da ke shafar sakamakon gwaje-gwajen shigar da danshi. Ma'aunin gwaji daban-daban suna ƙayyade yanayin zafin jiki da danshi daban-daban. Misali, wasu ƙa'idodi suna ƙayyade zafin jiki na gwaji na 23°C da ɗanɗano mai kama da 50%, yayin da wasu ƙa'idodi na iya buƙatar yanayin zafi ko danshi mai yawa. Canje-canje a zafin jiki da danshi zai shafi ƙimar watsawar tururin ruwa kai tsaye a cikin madaurin hip na silicone. Gabaɗaya, yayin da zafin jiki ke ƙaruwa, motsin kwayoyin halitta yana ƙaruwa, ƙimar watsawar tururin ruwa yana ƙaruwa, kuma ƙarfin shigar da danshi yana ƙaruwa; mafi girman bambancin danshi, mafi girman ƙarfin tuƙin tururin ruwa, kuma mafi girman ikon shigar da danshi.
(II) Lokacin gwaji
Tsawon lokacin gwajin yana da tasiri kan sakamakon gwajin da ke tattare da danshi. Tsawon lokacin gwaji na iya nuna daidai yadda danshi ke shiga samfurin yayin amfani da shi na dogon lokaci, amma kuma yana iya haifar da sauye-sauye a yanayin muhalli yayin gwajin, wanda hakan ke haifar da kurakurai. Saboda haka, lokacin zabar lokacin gwajin, ya zama dole a yi cikakken la'akari dangane da ainihin amfanin samfurin da buƙatun ma'aunin gwajin.
(III) Shirye-shiryen samfuri
Tsarin shirya samfurin ya haɗa da matakai kamar yankewa, tsaftacewa da shigar da samfurin. Daidaita waɗannan matakan zai shafi daidaiton sakamakon gwajin kai tsaye. Girman samfurin ya kamata ya cika buƙatun da aka saba, kuma gefuna ya kamata su kasance masu tsabta, ba tare da lalacewa da wrinkles ba, don guje wa zubewa ko tarin tururin ruwa na gida, wanda zai shafi sakamakon gwajin. Bugu da ƙari, lokacin shigar da samfurin, tabbatar da cewa hatimin da ke tsakanin samfurin da kofin gwajin yana da kyau don hana shigar iska ta waje ko zubewar tururin ruwa na ciki.
(IV) Kayan aikin gwaji
Daidaito da kwanciyar hankali na kayan gwajin suna da mahimmanci ga sakamakon gwajin juriyar danshi. Kayan aikin aunawa masu inganci na iya auna canjin taro na kofin gwajin daidai, ta haka ne inganta daidaiton lissafin juriyar danshi. A lokaci guda, tsarin kula da zafin jiki da danshi na kayan gwajin ya kamata ya sami damar kiyaye yanayin muhalli da aka saita don guje wa karkacewa a sakamakon gwaji saboda canjin yanayin muhalli. Bugu da ƙari, saitin saurin iska na kayan aikin zai kuma shafi sakamakon gwajin, saboda saurin iska zai canza yanayin kwararar iska a kusa da kofin gwajin, ta haka yana shafar yawan watsa tururin ruwa.
(V) Aikin busar da ruwa
A gwajin sha danshi, aikin na'urar busar da danshi yana da tasiri kai tsaye kan sakamakon gwajin. Abubuwa kamar ƙarfin sha ruwa, rarraba girman barbashi da kuma yawan na'urar busar da danshi za su shafi yawan sha da kuma jimlar tururin ruwa. Calcium chloride mai ruwa-ruwa ne da ake amfani da shi akai-akai wanda ke da ƙarfin sha ruwa mai ƙarfi, amma idan girman barbashi ya yi girma ko ya yi ƙanƙanta, yana iya shafar yankin hulɗarsa da kuma yawan amsawar da tururin ruwa ke yi, wanda ke haifar da karkacewa a sakamakon gwaji. Saboda haka, lokacin amfani da na'urar busar da danshi, ya kamata a zaɓe shi kuma a sarrafa shi daidai da ƙa'idodin da aka gindaya don tabbatar da daidaito da kwanciyar hankali na aikinsa.

4. Yadda ake zaɓar hanyar gwajin da ta dace ta shigar da danshi cikin ruwa
(I) Zaɓi bisa ga halayen samfur
Kayayyakin silicone hip pad daban-daban na iya samun halaye daban-daban da buƙatun amfani, don haka ya zama dole a zaɓi hanyar gwajin da ta dace ta shigar da danshi. Misali, ga silicone hip pad masu kauri mai siriri da kuma iska mai kyau, ana iya amfani da hanyar shigar da danshi ko hanyar fitar da danshi don gwaji don kimanta yadda danshi ke shigar da shi daidai.madaurin silikitare da kauri mai kauri da yawan yawa, yana iya zama dole a zaɓi hanyoyin gwaji kamar hanyar potassium acetate wacce za ta iya samar da yanayi mai danshi mai ƙarfi don tabbatar da ingancin sakamakon gwajin.
(II) Yi la'akari da manufar gwajin da yanayin aikace-aikacen
Manufar gwajin da yanayin amfani suma muhimman tushe ne na zaɓar hanyar gwajin ƙarfin danshi. Idan ana son tantance ƙarfin danshi na silicone hip pads a cikin muhallin da ake amfani da shi a cikin gida, ana iya zaɓar hanyar ɗaukar danshi ko hanyar fitar da shi don kwaikwayon yanayin amfani da shi na yau da kullun. Idan ana son yin nazarin aikin sa a cikin yanayi na musamman, kamar zafi mai yawa, zafin jiki mai yawa da sauran muhalli, yana iya zama dole a zaɓi hanyar gwajin da ta dace ko kuma a daidaita yanayin gwajin bisa ga takamaiman yanayi.
(III) Ma'ana ga ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa da ayyukan masana'antu
A kasuwar duniya, ƙasashe da yankuna daban-daban na iya ɗaukar ma'aunin gwajin shigar da danshi daban-daban. Saboda haka, lokacin zaɓar hanyar gwajin, ya kamata a koma ga ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa da ayyukan masana'antu, kamar ASTM E96, ISO 14956, da sauransu, don tabbatar da cewa sakamakon gwajin ya zama na duniya da kuma daidaito. Bugu da ƙari, fahimtar buƙatun kasuwar da aka yi niyya da kuma ƙa'idodin da aka amince da su don gwajin shigar da danshi zai taimaka wajen zaɓar hanyoyin gwaji masu dacewa da kuma inganta gasa a kasuwa na samfura.

5. Takaitawa
Gwajin shigar da danshi a cikin pads ɗin silicone muhimmin hanya ne don kimanta jin daɗinsu da aikinsu. Ta hanyar hanyoyin gwajin da aka gabatar a sama, kamar hanyar shan danshi, hanyar ƙafewa da hanyar potassium acetate, ana iya tantance shigar da danshi a cikin pads ɗin silicone daidai, wanda ke ba da tallafi mai ƙarfi ga bincike da haɓaka samfura, samarwa da tallace-tallace. A aikace-aikace, ya kamata a yi la'akari da abubuwa kamar halayen samfura, manufar gwaji da yanayin aikace-aikacen don zaɓar hanyoyin gwaji masu dacewa, kuma ya kamata a kula da yanayin gwaji sosai don tabbatar da daidaito da amincin sakamakon gwaji. Ga masu siyan kayayyaki na ƙasashen waje, fahimtar mahimmancin hanyoyin gwajin shigar da danshi da sakamako zai taimaka wajen zaɓar samfuran inganci mafi kyau, biyan buƙatun kasuwa da inganta gamsuwar abokin ciniki.